Spay neuter/AVMA

Spaying and Neutering

Many pet owners opt to spay or neuter their pets, and spaying and neutering are important for reducing pet overpopulation.

Spay and neuter options

If you decide to spay or neuter your pet, you have options. Discuss the options with your veterinarian so you can make a decision that's right for you, your family and your pet.

Surgical sterilization

During surgical sterilization, a veterinarian removes certain reproductive organs.

• Ovariohysterectomy, or the typical "spay": the ovaries, fallopian tubes and uterus are removed from a female dog. This makes her unable to reproduce and eliminates her heat cycle.
• Hysterectomy: the uterus and part of the fallopian tubes are removed from a female dog. This makes her unable to reproduce, but her ovaries remain and will produce hormones.
• Orchiectomy, or the typical "neuter": the testes are removed from a male dog. This makes him unable to reproduce and reduces or eliminates male breeding behaviors.
• Vasectomy: only the vas deferens, which conducts sperm from the testes, are removed. This procedure makes the dog unable to reproduce, but his testes remain and will produce hormones.

Nonsurgical sterilization

There is currently an approved product on the market used to neuter male dogs that is injected into the testes to stop sperm production and render the dog infertile. Because not all of the hormone-producing cells of the testes are affected by the drug, the testis will continue to produce hormones. As research continues, additional products for nonsurgical sterilization may be developed. 

Why spay or neuter?

Every year, millions of unwanted dogs and cats, including puppies and kittens, are euthanized. The good news is that responsible pet owners can make a difference. By having your dog or cat sterilized, you will do your part to prevent the birth of unwanted puppies and kittens. Spaying and neutering prevent unwanted litters and may reduce many of the behavioral problems associated with the mating instinct.

Spaying eliminates heat cycles and generally reduces the unwanted behaviors that may lead to owner frustration. Neutering male dogs and cats reduces the breeding instinct and can have a calming effect, making them less inclined to roam and more content to stay at home.

Early spaying of female dogs and cats can help protect them from some serious health problems later in life such as uterine infections and breast cancer. Neutering your male pet can also lessen its risk of developing benign prostatic hyperplasia (enlarged prostate gland) and testicular cancer.

The procedure has no effect on a pet's intelligence or ability to learn, play, work or hunt. Most pets tend to be better behaved following surgical removal of their ovaries or testes, making them more desirable companions.

Risks of spaying and neutering

While both spaying and neutering are major surgical procedures, they are also the most common surgeries performed by veterinarians on cats and dogs. Like any surgical procedure, sterilization is associated with some anesthetic and surgical risk, but the overall incidence of complications is very low.

Although reproductive hormones cause mating behaviors that may be undesirable for many pet owners, these hormones also affect your pet's overall health. Removing your pet's ovaries or testes removes these hormones and can result in increased risk of health problems such as incontinence and some types of cancer. Talk to your veterinarian about the benefits and risks of the sterilization procedure so you can make an informed decision.

Before the procedure, your pet is given a thorough physical examination to ensure that it is in good health. General anesthesia is administered to perform the surgery and medications are given to minimize pain. You will be asked to keep your pet calm and quiet for a few days after surgery as the incision begins to heal.

When to spay or neuter

Consult your veterinarian about the most appropriate time to spay or neuter your pet based upon its breed, age and physical condition. Keep in mind that, contrary to popular belief, it may NOT be best to wait until your female dog or cat has gone through its first heat cycle.

RABIES in Columbia County

This is a great example of why it is so important that you 

care for your family pets by spaying/neutering and vaccinating.  

If you or someone you know needs help with spay/neuter or vaccination

of your animals, visit our website or email us at

lorna@twfaf.us

Introducing Dogs to Each Other

By Sherry Woodard, Best Friends animal behavior consultant
SEE ALSO: ABCs of Dog Life

If you have a dog and a new one will be entering or visiting your home, there are things you can do to ensure that the meeting comes off without a hitch. A new dog can mean you are bringing home a foster dog or a new puppy; someone who has a dog is moving into your house; or someone is visiting with a dog.

If you know that both dogs are very social with other dogs, the meeting should be easy. But, you may not know this, since some dogs don’t get out and mix with other dogs that much. If your dog (or the new dog) has not been spayed/neutered, the meeting may be more difficult.

If you are uncertain how one (or both) of the dogs will react, be cautious. First, the dogs will need to meet on neutral ground. Choose a place where neither dog is likely to feel territorial. Even your dog’s favorite park is not a good spot, unless it is a dog park (dogs are often used to meeting other dogs there). If you are adopting a dog from a shelter, ask the staff if they can help to introduce the dogs. If your dog is accustomed to meeting dogs at a pet supply store like PetSmart or Petco, you can ask their trainer to help with the introduction. The dogs could casually meet while you are on a shopping trip.

When the meeting occurs, have each dog on lead, each with a calm, relaxed adult handler. Keep the leads loose, since tension on the leash might communicate to the dog that you are fearful or anxious about their meeting. Walk the dogs side by side with a safe distance between the dogs. Then, cross paths (still maintaining that distance) and allow the dogs to smell where the other has walked.

Next, let the dogs meet. As the dogs approach each other, watch their body language closely, paying attention to the entire body. The dogs may need to do a little posturing or make a little noise, but if you don’t know how to tell the difference between dogs getting to know each other and dogs who don’t like each other, have someone there who does.

Do not allow nose-to-nose greetings. This type of greeting is very stressful for many dogs, particularly those who are fearful or feel threatened by eye contact. For these dogs, nose-to-nose greetings may cause them to make a bad decision and bite. When dogs first look into each other’s eyes, the appropriate behavior is to give a glance and then look away. A hard stare into another dog’s eyes is a challenge — not a friendly way to greet. If the dogs practice inappropriate behavior like stiffening, staring or threats, try to get the dogs to focus back on walking.

If they stiffen their bodies and stare into each other’s eyes with their hair up and their teeth bared, they probably aren’t going to become fast friends. If they lunge at each other and try to fight, separate them and don’t try further introductions without help from someone with experience in dog training and behavior. Some dogs cannot safely interact with other animals and therefore should be the only pet in the home. Most, however, can be taught to ignore other animals while out in public.

If the dogs try to play by pawing or play-bowing with their legs stretched out in front of them, they may want to be best buddies. Allow them to sniff each other, and give praise for a nice greeting. If you want, you can take them for a walk together, stopping occasionally to allow them to sniff and investigate each other.

If neither of the dogs is food aggressive, you can practice cues that they know and give treats as rewards. Giving treats can also serve to distract the dogs from focusing too much on each other.

If the dogs seem fine with each other, drive them home and settle in, but make sure you’ve put away your dog’s toys, bones and food bowls first, since these items may be sources of conflict. If you’re going to offer “high-value” items like Kongs or chews, it may be best to separate the dogs. Once the dogs are good friends, they may be more willing to chomp side by side on high-value items.

To introduce a puppy to a dog, use the same procedure as above. But, if the puppy is under four months old, both the dog and the puppy may need frequent breaks from each other. Some adult dogs will quickly lose patience with puppy energy. If the dog does not like the puppy, do not leave them alone together.

If you are not confident or comfortable at any point, please seek help from someone who is knowledgeable about dog behavior.

Stray cat help

Mutt

Donations are always welcome.  We believe that together, we can make a huge difference in the pet overpopulation crisis that currently results in so many abandoned, neglected, abused and euthanized dogs and cats. The funds we raise are used to assist pet owners with the expenses of spay or neuter and assist with unexpected vet bills. We accept tax deductible donations year round.

  Make a difference now.  Click the button below.

What is TNR?

• What is TNR?
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• It is trap neuter or spay, vaccinate for rabies, ear tip and return the cat to his original habitat. TNR is the only effective way to reduce cat populations.  The process is carried out by volunteers that care for the cats by providing food, water, shelter and medical attention if needed, along with the intervention of the TNR process.  It is being done in cities and counties across the country.  In Georgia, there are TNR programs in DeKalb, Walton, Barrow, Newton, Rockdale, Athens, Dawson, Madison, Vinings, Marietta, Pooler, Columbus, Macon, and Savannah.  There are TNR programs in Aiken, Charleston, Greer and Myrtle Beach, SC., Asheville, NC, and a particularly good program in Spartanburg, SC. Disneyland and Disneyworld have some of the largest TNR programs in the country.
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• Why do it?
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• Some cats live outdoors, left behind by previous owners.  They have not been sterilized and reproduce.  Their population will not slow down unless they are sterilized.  The method of catch and kill has not worked; there are still hundreds of thousands of cats.  If cats are trapped, sterilized, vaccinated and ear tipped, they will not reproduce.  They will also stop the behaviors that most people find offensive.  The howling, fighting and spraying are all related to their natural need to mate.  After TNR, the feral cats are returned to their original neighborhood.  People in neighborhoods where TNR is being done, are educated about the process.  Severely sick or injured cats are evaluated and might be euthanized, depending on illness or injury.  Friendly cats are put into an adoption program.  Kittens are fostered to socialize and adopt out.
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• What is the cost?
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• The cost of an animal control agency to pick up, house for the five days, euthanize and dispose of a feral cat is averaged out to be $100.  The average cost to spay/neuter and vaccinate a cat is $50 for a female, $35 for a male.  If the TNR programs are done by volunteers, there is no cost to the agency, and space is freed up in the facility, helping to alleviate over-crowding.  Grants are easily available to assist with TNR programs, when animal control agencies choose to help with this program.
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• What about people that don’t want them back?
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• People that do not want them back are educated on the process, the changing behaviors, the benefits of rodent patrol and keeping unaltered cats out of the territory.  In most situations, one member of the family may be encouraging cats, by feeding or socializing with them, while another member of the family doesn’t want them there.  There are humane deterrents, such as not feeding them, motion detector sprinklers, squirting with a garden hose.
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• Benefits to the community
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• People will always feed strays.  It is in our nature to be compassionate for the less fortunate, and many will care for animals that are in need.  If these cats are in a TNR program, they will be healthy and they will not reproduce.  They will keep down the rodent and snake population, as well as keep other unaltered cats out of their territory.
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• Benefits to the animals
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• Cats have been living on this planet for a very long time.  They do not deserve to be killed simply because humans are irresponsible.  If they are put in a TNR program, they will be healthy and live out their lives, and eventually reduce in population because they will not be reproducing.  Catch and kill doesn’t work.  TNR is a proven method to reduce the overall population of cats, reduce shelter intake and deaths and is the humane way to resolve the issue.  Over the last couple of years, businesses and individuals have requested assistance to put trap, neuter and return programs in place, to stop the reproduction cycle, and they have specifically stated that they did not want the cats taken away and killed.  They like having them around, become attached to them, appreciate their job performance as rodent eradicators, and they are willing to feed and care for them.  They understand that outdoor cats have their place in our community.
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• What do we need to do?
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• We need to put simple exemptions in the animal control ordinances to allow the care for ‘community cats’.  A copy of the exemptions, from an attorney with Alley Cat Allies, is in this packet, along with more documentation about the benefits of TNR.
  Thank you.